Evaluation of the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of probiotic bacteria against causative bacterial pathogens of dental caries

Parastoo Jafarzade, Hadi Sedigh Ebrahim‑Saraie, Shahab Rezaie, Elham Maghareh Abed, Majid Ahangari, Golbarg Rezaei, Kouroush Delpasand, Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi, Meysam Hasannejad-Bibalan

Abstract


The most important factor in tooth decay and periodontal disease is the attachment of oral bacteria, especially streptococci, to different levels of the mouth and teeth. Therefore, by changing the microbial ecology in the mouth using probiotic producing bacteria, we can help prevent tooth decay and periodontal infections. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of probiotic producing Lactobacillus against several streptococci that cause tooth decay. Antimicrobial activity and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of probiotic lactobacilli was determined by disk diffusion method and standard broth microdilution, respectively. Antibiofilm activity was assayed by a microtiter-plate screening method. The five isolates of Lactobacillus strains with probiotic properties include Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus brevis were tested against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. Most of tested Lactobacillus strain at concentrations above 125 µg/mL showed antibacterial properties. Also, examination of the MICs showed that probiotic bacteria had greater effects on S. sanguinis. While, the tested probiotic bacteria did not show a significant antibiofilm effect. Our results suggest that lactobacilli with potential probiotic properties can be effective used for eliminating oral streptococcal colonization.


Keywords


Probiotic; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus sanguinis; Antibiofilm; Antibacterial

References


Caglar E, Kargul B, Tanboga I. Bacteriotherapy and probiotics' role on oral health. Oral Dis. 2005; 11(3):131-7.

Cudic M, Condie BA, Weiner DJ, Lysenko ES, Xiang ZQ, Insug O, et al. Development of novel antibacterial peptides that kill resistant isolates. Peptides. 2002; 23(12):2071-83.

Nicolas G, Auger I, Beaudoin M, Hallé F, Morency H, LaPointe G, et al. Improved methods for mutacin detection and production. J Microbiol Methods. 2004; 59(3):351-61.

Hamada S, Slade HD. Biology, immunology, and cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans. Microbiol Rev. 1980; 44(2):331-84.

Terai T, Okumura T, Imai S, Nakao M, Yamaji K, Ito M, et al. Screening of Probiotic Candidates in Human Oral Bacteria for the Prevention of Dental Disease. PLoS One. 2015; 10(6):e0128657.

Douglas CW, Heath J, Hampton KK, Preston FE. Identity of viridans streptococci isolated from cases of infective endocarditis. J Med Microbiol. 1993; 39(3):179-82.

Ge Y, Caufield PW, Fisch GS, Li Y. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis colonization correlated with caries experience in children. Caries Res. 2008; 42(6):444-8.

Mahasneh SA, Mahasneh AM. Probiotics: A Promising Role in Dental Health. Dent J (Basel). 2017; 5(4):26.

Fernández CE, Giacaman RA, Tenuta LM, Cury JA. Effect of the Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB21 on the Cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans UA159 in a Dual-Species Biofilm Model. Caries Res. 2015; 49(6):583-90.

Fijan S. Microorganisms with claimed probiotic properties: an overview of recent literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014; 11(5):4745-67.

Hart AL, Lammers K, Brigidi P, Vitali B, Rizzello F, Gionchetti P, et al. Modulation of human dendritic cell phenotype and function by probiotic bacteria. Gut. 2004; 53(11):1602-9.

Amara AA, Shibl A. Role of Probiotics in health improvement, infection control and disease treatment and management. Saudi Pharm J. 2015; 23(2):107-14.

Becker MR, Paster BJ, Leys EJ, Moeschberger ML, Kenyon SG, Galvin JL, et al. Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol. 2002; 40(3):1001-9.

Busscher HJ, Mulder AF, van der Mei HC. In vitro adhesion to enamel and in vivo colonization of tooth surfaces by Lactobacilli from a bio-yoghurt. Caries Res. 1999; 33(5):403-4.

Badet MC, Richard B, Dorignac G. An in vitro study of the pH-lowering potential of salivary lactobacilli associated with dental caries. J Appl Microbiol. 2001; 90(6):1015-8.

Chen CC, Lai CC, Huang HL, Huang WY, Toh HS, Weng TC, et al. Antimicrobial Activity of Lactobacillus Species Against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Front Microbiol. 2019; 10:789.

CLSI, Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; 30th ed. CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2020.

Pitts B, Hamilton MA, Zelver N, Stewart PS. A microtiter-plate screening method for biofilm disinfection and removal. J Microbiol Methods. 2003; 54(2):269-76.

Rayani A, Ahanjan M, Goli HR, Naderi fard N, zamanzdeah M. Comparing the Effect of Probiotic and Non-probiotic Yogurt Drinks on Two Common Oral Microorganisms: An In Vitro Study. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2020; 30(185):33-40.

Nozari A, Motamedifar M, Seifi N, Hatamizargaran Z, Ranjbar MA. The Effect of Iranian Customary Used Probiotic Yogurt on the Children's Salivary Cariogenic Microflora. J Dent (Shiraz). 2015; 16(2):81-6.

Ashwin D, Ke V, Taranath M, Ramagoni NK, Nara A, Sarpangala M. Effect of Probiotic Containing Ice-cream on Salivary Mutans Streptococci (SMS) Levels in Children of 6-12 Years of Age: A Randomized Controlled Double Blind Study with Six-months Follow Up. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015; 9(2):Zc06-9.

Näse L, Hatakka K, Savilahti E, Saxelin M, Pönkä A, Poussa T, et al. Effect of long-term consumption of a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, in milk on dental caries and caries risk in children. Caries Res. 2001; 35(6):412-20.

Nikawa H, Makihira S, Fukushima H, Nishimura H, Ozaki Y, Ishida K, et al. Lactobacillus reuteri in bovine milk fermented decreases the oral carriage of mutans streptococci. Int J Food Microbiol. 2004; 95(2):219-23.

Ahola AJ, Yli-Knuuttila H, Suomalainen T, Poussa T, Ahlström A, Meurman JH, et al. Short-term consumption of probiotic-containing cheese and its effect on dental caries risk factors. Arch Oral Biol. 2002; 47(11):799-804.

Zare Javid A, Amerian E, Basir L, Ekrami A, Haghighizadeh MH, Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L. Effects of the Consumption of Probiotic Yogurt Containing Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 on the Levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli in Saliva of Students with Initial Stages of Dental Caries: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Caries Res. 2020; 54(1):68-74.

Lin X, Chen X, Tu Y, Wang S, Chen H. Effect of Probiotic Lactobacilli on the Growth of Streptococcus Mutans and Multispecies Biofilms Isolated from Children with Active Caries. Med Sci Monit. 2017; 23:4175-81.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.52547/10.52547/JCBioR.2.3.131

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 © The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.